An up and down describes the act of taking only two strokes to get the ball into the hole when starting from off the putting green. The first stroke, usually a chip or a pitch, gets the ball "up" onto the green. The second stroke, which is the putt, gets the ball "down" into the cup. When a player successfully executes this sequence, they have minimized the damage of a missed approach shot. This capability is what separates low-handicap golfers from beginners, as it prevents bogeys and double bogeys from accumulating on the scorecard.

Golf is often described as a game of strict rules and integrity, but it also has a softer side that prioritizes enjoyment over rigid adherence to regulation. If you are new to the sport, you may hear your playing partners use the term mulligan on the first tee. This concept is one of the most popular unwritten rules in golf because it offers players a rare second chance. A mulligan allows a golfer to replay a stroke without a penalty, essentially acting as a do-over for a poor shot. While you will never see a professional golfer take a mulligan during a PGA Tour event, it is a staple of recreational golf. It helps beginners relax, keeps the pace of play moving, and reduces the frustration of a terrible start. However, because it is not an official rule, the way it is applied can vary significantly from one group to another. 

Golf etiquette focuses on respect for the course, your playing partners, and the pace of the game rather than rigid formalities. Essential habits include arriving on time with the proper attire, prioritizing safety by standing clear of swinging clubs, and maintaining the course by repairing divots and raking bunkers. It is also important to keep the game moving by playing ready golf and limiting the time spent searching for lost balls. By staying aware of your surroundings and observing the etiquette of experienced players, you can ensure a comfortable and enjoyable experience for everyone on the course.